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Judy Garland (born Frances Ethel Gumm; June 10 1922 – June 22 1969) was an American actress and singer. Through a career that spanned 45 of her 47 years, Garland attained international stardom as an actress in musical and dramatic roles, as a recording artist and on the concert stage. Respected for her versatility, she received a Juvenile Academy Award, won a Golden Globe Award, received the Cecil B. DeMille Award for her work in films, as well as Grammy Awards and a Tony Award. She had a contralto singing range.^[1]

After appearing in vaudeville with her sisters, Garland was signed to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer as a teenager. There she made more than two dozen films, including nine with Mickey Rooney, and the film with which she would be most identified, The Wizard of Oz (1939). After 15 years, Garland was released from the studio but gained renewed success through record-breaking concert appearances, including a critically acclaimed Carnegie Hall concert, a well-regarded but short-lived television series and a return to film acting beginning with A Star Is Born (1954).

Despite her professional triumphs, Garland battled personal problems throughout her life. Insecure about her appearance, her feelings were compounded by film executives who told her she was unattractive and overweight. Plied with drugs to control her weight and increase her productivity, Garland endured a decades-long struggle with addiction. Garland was plagued by financial instability, often owing hundreds of thousands of dollars in back taxes, and her first four of five marriages ended in divorce. She attempted suicide on a number of occasions. Garland died of an accidental drug overdose at the age of forty-seven, leaving children Liza Minnelli, Lorna Luft and Joey Luft.

In 1997, Garland was posthumously awarded a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and several of her recordings have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. In 1999, the American Film Institute placed her among the ten greatest female stars in the history of American cinema.^[2]

Contents 1 See also 2 References 2.1 Bibliography 3 External links

[edit] See also

• List of Judy Garland biographies
• Judy Garland as gay icon
• Judy Garland ancestry

[edit] References

[edit] Bibliography

• Clarke, Gerald. Get Happy: The Life of Judy Garland. Random House. New York, 2001. ISBN 0375503781
• DiOrio, Jr., Al. Little Girl Lost: The Life and Hard Times of Judy Garland. Manor Books. New York, 1973
• Edwards, Anne. Judy Garland. Simon and Schuster. New York, 1975. ISBN 671802283 (paperback edition)
• Finch, Christopher. Rainbow: The Stormy Life of Judy Garland. Ballantine Books. 1975. ISBN 0345251733 (paperback edition)
• Frank, Gerold. Judy. Harper & Row. New York, 1975. ISBN 0060113375
• Juneau, James. Judy Garland: A Pyramid Illustrated History of the Movies. Pyramid Publications. 1974, New York. ISBN 0515034827
• Luft, Lorna. My and My Shadows: A Family Memoir. Simon and Schuster. New York, 1999. ISBN 0283063203
• Richliano, James. Angels We Have Heard The Christmas Song Stories. Star Of Bethlehem Books. 2002. ISBN 0971881006
• Sanders, Coyne Steven. Rainbow's End: The Judy Garland Show. Zebra Books. 1990 ISBN 0821737082 (paperback edition)
• Seaman, Barbara. Lovely Me: The Life of Jacqueline Susann. Seven Stories Press. 1996, New York. ISBN 096587706 (1996 edition)
• Shipman, David. Judy Garland: The Secret Life of an American Legend. Hyperion. New York, 1992. ISBN 0786880260 (paperback edition)

[edit] External links

• The Judy Garland Database
• The Judy Room
• The Judy Garland Page
• The Judy Garland Online Discography
• The Judy Garland Birthplace and Museum in Grand Rapids, MN
• The Judy Garland Club: established 1963; official international Club supported by Judy during her lifetime
• Judy Garland: By Myself – American Masters special
• Barbara Walters interview of Judy Garland, 1967, at Hulu.com
• Judy Garland Biography at Biography.com
• "Biography: Judy Garland" Episode at Biography.com